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Biology

Blood Types

 

Blood type refers to the type of proteins a person carries on the surface of their red blood cells. Blood typing is important because if a person is given the wrong type of blood, they could have a serious reaction and even die, which is counterproductive with the point of receiving a transfusion.

The human blood groups, known today as the ABO and Rh systems, was discovered in 1901 by an Austrian named Karl Landsteiner. This earned him the Nobel Prize in 1930 and saved a countless number of lives. There are currently 20 different blood typing systems, but ABO is the most common and most important for blood transfusions.

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Analysing blood under a microscope reveal some important and quite distinct differences. It was an early 20th century Austrian scientist by the name of Karl Landsteiner that first identified and subse...More>
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Blood is composed of red cells, white cells, platelets, and a number of other substances such as clotting factors, electrolytes, proteins, and hormones, all floating around in a liquid called plasma. ...More>
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Human blood may appear to be all the same substance to the naked eye, however under a microscope it is quite a different story. Depending on the different sugars and antigens that are present in your ...More>
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Human blood groups are classified according to the presence of certain antigens on the surface of red blood cells. The greatest practical significance of blood group systems is to do with blood transf...More>
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Standard Blood Types

The standard blood typing system is ABO, based on the presence or absence of A and B antigens. A third antigen, noted as + for present and - for absent, is Rh.

AB: presence of both antigens

A: presence of A antigen

B: presence of B antigen

O: presence of neither A nor B antigen

Quick Facts

There are 8 standard blood types using the ABO typing system.

Blood type refers to the proteins, or antigens, present on the red blood cell surface.

O+ and A+ make up more than half of all human blood types.

People of Asian descent are more likely to be B+ than other ethnicities.

The universal red cell donor is O-

The unversal red cell recipient is AB+

Official Websites

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ABO Blood Types

For high school science class: A brief introduction into the ABO blood types and how ABO blood typing works.
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